Questions & Answers
Questions & Answers
3 available 3 • View allHow to choose the governning law of a contract if each party signed it in their jurisdiction?



1
Q: The case is that the parties did not agree on the governing law of the contract and the parties are residing in different countries. Also, the contract was concluded by each party in its country.
Would it be possible to argue that two different laws could be applied (laws of the countries of each party) to the extent possible as the governing law in accordance with Article 19(1) of the Federal Law No. 5 of 1985?




Mar 31, 2024
224
We are forming a joint venture involving multiple investors and need a shareholders agreement




0
Q: We are forming a joint venture involving multiple investors from different Emirates and countries.
The shareholders’ agreement should address capital contributions, profit-sharing, voting procedures for key strategic decisions, rights to board representation, restrictions on transferring shares to third parties, and an arbitration process in case of disputes.
Can your legal office draft a bilingual agreement that is fully enforceable under UAE federal and Emirate-specific corporate laws?





+3
Sep 10, 2025
53
How do I set up a UAE trading company to trade in the Indian and US markets?




1
Q: Hello,
I want to understand the setup of a trading company and the compliance requirements in the UAE for trading in the Indian and US markets.





+2
Feb 11, 2025
308
Legal blog
9 available 9 • View allContracts 101: Official Agreements to WhatsApp Messages 2
An interview-format article covering the topic of contracts in the UAE. This is from the legal podcast of lawyer Ludmila Yamalova, the founder of Lawgical with LYLAW.
Mar 3, 2021
1258
Understanding Dubai’s New Contracting Law No. (7) of 2025 2
Dubai has introduced Law No. (7) of 2025 to reshape its contracting and construction sector with higher standards of efficiency, transparency, and professionalism. The law mandates contractor registration, enforces competency requirements, and imposes strict compliance measures across Dubai, including free zones like DIFC. This reform aligns with Dubai’s vision to safeguard urban development under the 2040 Master Plan while boosting investor confidence.
Jul 14, 2025
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The UAE Regulatory Framework on Corporate Governance 7
It is the second article in a series of articles written by the author to give a better insight to the readers about the corporate governance practices under the best practice principles and UAE legal system through innovative suggestions of its implementation for your organisation. Next series will be on Corporate Governance for Non-listed companies.
Jul 4, 2019
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Procedures of Company Formation in the UAE 2
The different Emirates in the UAE have different requirements and procedures for obtaining business licenses. To register your entity, you need to follow steps and obtain approvals from the Department of Economic Development and other relevant authorities.
Oct 2, 2023
370
Importance of Corporate Governance and its Basic Principles 13
It is the first article in a series of articles written by the author to give a better insight to the readers about the corporate governance practices under the best practice principles and the UAE legal system through innovative suggestions of its implementation for your organisation. Next series will be on the UAE regulatory framework on corporate governance.
Jun 26, 2019
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Why is the UAE the Right Place for Your Startup 6
Most entrepreneurs who have ideas for a startup seeking to implement it may face some difficulties in deciding the ideal location, activity, type of license, fees, taxes, among many others. Here are four reasons why the UAE’s thriving start-up scene is the right choice for your business.
Feb 13, 2020
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An Overview of the Legal Framework for Entrepreneurs in the UAE 4
Over the years the UAE has become a centre of trade and commerce for the Middle East, thanks to its strategic location, excellent connectivity and extensive services to assist with all aspects of business. According to the World Bank's 2016 report, the UAE has ranked 31st in the global index of ease of doing business. This encourages more entrepreneurs to set up different kinds of business entities in the country.
Mar 14, 2017
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The New Law of E-commerce in the UAE 7
The UAE has had tremendous economic development over the last two decades, which can be attributed to the country’s expanding market and large inflow of investments. The demonstrated level of preparedness and equanimity is evident in the legislative framework, characterized by the ongoing and systematic updates of laws. This proactive approach aims to align the legal landscape with the dynamic trajectory of economic advancement, ensuring continual synchronization with the prevailing progress.
Dec 13, 2023
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100% Foreign Ownership of Companies in the UAE 12
The UAE government has announced important changes to the federal Commercial Companies Law, the most significant is related to the foreign ownership of mainland companies. This will grant foreign investors the full ownership of share capital in companies carrying out certain activities specified to that effect by the competent authorities. This means that foreign investors’ shares will not be limited anymore to a maximum of 49% like before, but can be up to 100% instead.
Jun 13, 2021
3337
Laws & Regulations
5 available 5 • View allFederal Decree-Law No. (42) of 2022 Promulgating the Civil Procedures Code 2
The provisions of this Federal Decree-Law No. (42) of 2022 Promulgating the Civil Procedures Code, known as the "New Civil Procedures Code", governs civil procedures in the United Arab Emirates. The New Civil Procedures Code repeals the previous UAE Civil Procedures Code (Federal Law No. (11) of 1992 Concerning Issuance of the Civil Procedures Code).
Jan 2, 2023
629
Federal Decree-Law No. (32) of 2021 on Commercial Companies 0
The provisions of this Federal Decree-Law No. (32) of 2021 on Commercial Companies governs commercial companies in the United Arab Emirates. The New Commercial Companies Code repeals the previous UAE Commercial Companies Code (Federal Law No. (2) of 2015 on Commercial Companies).
Sep 20, 2021
299
Federal Decree-Law No. (50) of 2022 Issuing the Commercial Transactions Law 1
The provisions of this Federal Decree-Law No. (50) of 2022 Issuing the Commercial Transactions Law, known as the "New Commercial Code" governs commercial transactions in the United Arab Emirates. The New Commercial Code repeals the previous UAE Federal Law No. (18) of 1993 Issuing the Commercial Transactions Law.
Oct 3, 2022
674
Federal Decree-Law No. (46) of 2021 on Electronic Transactions and Trust Services 2
The provisions of this Decree-Law, known as the "New E-commerce Law", govern E-commerce regulations in the United Arab Emirates. The New E-commerce Law repeals the previous UAE E-commerce Law (Federal Law No. (1) of 2006 Concerning Electronic Transactions & Commerce).
Sep 20, 2021
603
Cabinet Resolution No. (28) of 2023 on the Executive Regulations of Federal Decree-Law No. (46) of 2021 on Electronic Transactions and Trust Services 1
Cabinet Resolution No. (28) of 2023 on the Executive Regulations of Federal Decree-Law No. (46) of 2021 on Electronic Transactions and Trust Services
Mar 28, 2023
517

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Other answers by
How to find and help a friend arrested in Sharjah with no update? 0
Hello,
My friend was arrested yesterday at his home by the municipality and police in Sharjah.
Until today, we have no information about his whereabouts.
I would like to know what we should do to help him and where we should look.
Sep 17, 2025
55
Are non-compete and training repayment clauses valid under UAE labor law? 0
Hello,
My wife, who is on my dependent visa in the UAE, has received a job offer. She plans to remain on her dependent visa, and the hiring company has included additional terms in her employment contract.
These terms include:
- A two-year non-compete clause, preventing her from working in a competing business in the UAE after leaving the company.
- A requirement to repay AED 10,000 for training costs if she resigns within one year of starting the job.
- A clause stating that resigned or terminated employees will not receive any bonuses or incentives after leaving.
- A disclaimer that any clause violating the UAE Labour Law (Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021) will be considered invalid.
Are these conditions legally enforceable under UAE law?
Can I include a statement to ensure both parties are legally safe?
Oct 1, 2025
6
What can I do if the company did not provide me with a visa after 10 months of working with them. 0
The company did not provide me with a visa after 10 months of working with them.
They always promise that it is in process.
Then they terminated me verbally.
Sep 30, 2025
24
Will my father’s unpaid debts affect my re-entry to Dubai on a tourist visa? 0
Hello,
My father had some debts due in Dubai, and at that time, he was unable to pay them and still hasn’t. We left the country in 2017, but my mom and I were under his sponsorship, and we didn’t cancel our residency visas.
Now I need to go back to Dubai on a work trip. I want to check if this might have any effect on me re-entering on a valid tourist visa. I’ve checked the ICP website, and it shows that my residence permit has been cancelled.
Sep 30, 2025
13
How to protect my residency when switching from a self-employed to an employer-sponsored visa? 0
I currently hold a Self-Employed Residency Visa from the Dubai Development Authority (DDA – GoFreelance). I’ve been offered a new role with a U.S. university via an Employer of Record (EOR).
Their attempt to apply for a labor card through MOHRE was rejected, as it’s not possible for free zone residents. They have asked me to cancel my current visa so they can sponsor me under an employment visa.
My concern is that if I cancel my visa and the new employer/EOR withdraws or fails to complete the process, I’ll be left without valid residency. I’ve also been told new self-employment permits are no longer issued, only renewals, so I cannot easily return to my current status.
Questions:
- Does UAE law offer any protection in this scenario?
- What risk-mitigation steps can I take/request before canceling?
- If the process fails, what legal options remain for me to stay in the UAE?
Sep 29, 2025
11

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Can I pursue both criminal and civil cases for a confirmed medical error and claim full compensation? 0
Hello,
I received a final report from the Higher Medical Authority stating that a medical error happened in my case and the responsibility lies with the doctor.
So I wanted to know a couple of things:
- Can I file both a criminal and a civil case (will it help or will it worsen my case)?
- Can I include the surgery charges and medical charges paid by my insurance company to the hospital in the calculation of compensation?
Sep 25, 2025
39
How can I correct a mistaken Commercial Registration (CR) number in the enforcement request? 0
Hello,
How can I correct the Commercial Registration (CR) number that was entered by mistake in the enforcement request?
Please guide me to the proper procedure or authority.
Sep 25, 2025
22
What if someone borrows from loan apps and leaves before the first installment is due? 0
Hello,
What happens if a person takes a loan from applications such as instant loan apps and exits before the first installment is paid?
Will the immigration team pull the customer from the airport? This exit from the country is an urgent requirement and an unavoidable situation.
The first installment repayment date has not yet come.
Sep 25, 2025
36
Can I renew my visa despite having a pending police case and a travel ban? 0
I currently have a pending police case and a travel ban. My visa is about to expire and is due for renewal.
I checked with the police, and the case is still under review because the complainant has not submitted the required medical report, despite being asked for it for almost a year.
Is there a chance that my visa renewal will be rejected? Also, can I request the dismissal of the case since the complainant has failed to provide the necessary report?
Sep 25, 2025
15
What can I do if the company did not provide me with a visa after 10 months of working with them. 0
The company did not provide me with a visa after 10 months of working with them.
They always promise that it is in process.
Then they terminated me verbally.
Sep 30, 2025
24

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Can I reject the rent increase (41%) & short notice (81 days) served by my landlord in RAK? 0
Dear Legal Community,
I am seeking advice regarding a residential tenancy contract renewal in Ras Al Khaimah.
Situation:
Property: Residential unit in Ras Al Khaimah.
Current Annual Rent: AED 27,000.
Contract Expiry: December 21st, 2025.
Landlord's Proposal: Increase to AED 38,000 (approx. 41% increase).
Notification Date: October 1st, 2025 (81 days before expiry).
My Questions:
Notice Period Validity: Is a notice of 81 days for a rent increase legally valid in Ras Al Khaimah, given the common requirement of 90 days' prior notice?
Rent Increase Legality: Is a 41% rent increase permissible under RAK rental laws and the RAK Municipality Rental Index, or are there caps/guidelines?
Tenant's Rights: What are my rights in this situation? Can I insist on renewing at the current rent (AED 27,000) due to the invalid notice?
Dispute Resolution: What is the process for escalating this to the Ras Al Khaimah Rent?
Oct 1, 2025
26
I have a Labour case against the company and they cannot find them on the registered address. What to do? 0
I have a labor case against the company; it's a small company working from home. After MOHRE, I filed it in the court.
3 hearings are over already, and the other party has not shown up at any hearings and has not responded to any court notifications.
They are not coming to the registered address, so the court has not been able to serve them properly either.
The trade license is active, and the company is working, putting updates on LinkedIn and all that.
How many more hearings might the court give before giving judgment?
What can be done from my side?
Oct 1, 2025
17
Is a termination notice valid if the employee read it in the mail and replied to it? 0
Hello,
Q: Is the notice of termination considered delivered and acknowledged if the employee has read it in the mail and responded to the message by asking additional questions?
If the employee does not sign the notice, is it necessary to draw up a report stating their refusal to sign the notice?
Oct 1, 2025
19
Can my employer cancel my labour contract and revoke my labour card without my knowledge? 0
Can my employer cancel my labour contract and revoke my labour card without my knowledge?
Oct 1, 2025
17
If I were found guilty of a misdemeanor, will my application for a police clearance certificate get rejected? 0
Hello Sir,
If I were found guilty of a misdemeanor, I would pay the fines.
Would that be the reason for the rejection of my application for a police clearance certificate?
And if it is, how do I go about it?
Sep 30, 2025
18

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What is the process for getting a restraining order against an abusive family member? 0
Hello,
What is the process for getting a restraining order against an abusive family member?
Sep 17, 2025
43
I I left the UAE with some debts and I paid later while in the UK. How to check my status before visiting Dubai? 0
I had some debts when I left the UAE, which I paid later while in the UK. This was in 2017 when I left the UAE.
I want to check if there's a travel ban or any blacklist kind of status for me, as I want to travel to Dubai soon.
I have lost the Emirates ID card, and I have a new passport number as I had to renew the passport.
All I have is a scanned copy of my old passport and the visa page.
What's the procedure and cost for finding this?
Sep 18, 2025
63
Should a legal notice be bilingual, in English and Arabic? 0
Should a legal notice be bilingual? I want to send a legal notice to my business partner (non-Arab). I went to an official translator and got an official translation into Arabic.
Now I will go with three printouts to the Notary Public. It is about 8 pages in Arabic and 8 pages in English.
Question: Should I only take the Arabic printout with me and get that stamped by the Notary, then ask TABLEEGH to send the English version as an attachment to the Arabic notice?
Or should I take all 16 pages (8 Arabic + 8 English) and get the notary stamp on the last page?
The reason I ask is that sometimes the Notary does not like long notices.
Sep 30, 2025
5
Will my father’s unpaid debts affect my re-entry to Dubai on a tourist visa? 0
Hello,
My father had some debts due in Dubai, and at that time, he was unable to pay them and still hasn’t. We left the country in 2017, but my mom and I were under his sponsorship, and we didn’t cancel our residency visas.
Now I need to go back to Dubai on a work trip. I want to check if this might have any effect on me re-entering on a valid tourist visa. I’ve checked the ICP website, and it shows that my residence permit has been cancelled.
Sep 30, 2025
13
Am I entitled to full 3 months’ pay with benefits plus EOS gratuity after sudden termination? 0
Hello,
I have been working at a company in DMCC for nearly 5 years. I work in sales with varying annual results, ranging from overachieving to underachieving in a difficult market.
This year, my manager gave me a very high target and lower targets to my colleagues. Our sales are mostly achieved in the last 3 months of the year when companies finally spend their annual budget.
Now, my manager has suddenly decided to terminate me without any warning because of performance issues. They are offering to pay the minimum end-of-service gratuity plus 3 months’ basic salary and unpaid leave days.
Am I entitled to 3 months’ full pay, including benefits, in addition to the End of Service gratuity and unpaid leave days?
Sep 18, 2025
41

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Can I pursue both criminal and civil cases for a confirmed medical error and claim full compensation? 0
Hello,
I received a final report from the Higher Medical Authority stating that a medical error happened in my case and the responsibility lies with the doctor.
So I wanted to know a couple of things:
- Can I file both a criminal and a civil case (will it help or will it worsen my case)?
- Can I include the surgery charges and medical charges paid by my insurance company to the hospital in the calculation of compensation?
Sep 25, 2025
39
How can I correct a mistaken Commercial Registration (CR) number in the enforcement request? 0
Hello,
How can I correct the Commercial Registration (CR) number that was entered by mistake in the enforcement request?
Please guide me to the proper procedure or authority.
Sep 25, 2025
22
I have loan and must leave the country due to an emergency. Will I face problems at the airport? 0
I have taken a Cashnow loan recently and have to leave the country on exit due to some emergency back in my country.
Will it be an issue, or will I face problems at the airport?
I am willing to pay it from my home country if possible. The loan of AED 8000 is fresh & less than a month old.
Sep 24, 2025
81
What if someone borrows from loan apps and leaves before the first installment is due? 0
Hello,
What happens if a person takes a loan from applications such as instant loan apps and exits before the first installment is paid?
Will the immigration team pull the customer from the airport? This exit from the country is an urgent requirement and an unavoidable situation.
The first installment repayment date has not yet come.
Sep 25, 2025
36
Can I renew my visa despite having a pending police case and a travel ban? 0
I currently have a pending police case and a travel ban. My visa is about to expire and is due for renewal.
I checked with the police, and the case is still under review because the complainant has not submitted the required medical report, despite being asked for it for almost a year.
Is there a chance that my visa renewal will be rejected? Also, can I request the dismissal of the case since the complainant has failed to provide the necessary report?
Sep 25, 2025
15

Premium
Other answers by
Can I renew my visa despite having a pending police case and a travel ban? 0
I currently have a pending police case and a travel ban. My visa is about to expire and is due for renewal.
I checked with the police, and the case is still under review because the complainant has not submitted the required medical report, despite being asked for it for almost a year.
Is there a chance that my visa renewal will be rejected? Also, can I request the dismissal of the case since the complainant has failed to provide the necessary report?
Sep 25, 2025
15
What can I do if the company did not provide me with a visa after 10 months of working with them. 0
The company did not provide me with a visa after 10 months of working with them.
They always promise that it is in process.
Then they terminated me verbally.
Sep 30, 2025
24
Will my father’s unpaid debts affect my re-entry to Dubai on a tourist visa? 0
Hello,
My father had some debts due in Dubai, and at that time, he was unable to pay them and still hasn’t. We left the country in 2017, but my mom and I were under his sponsorship, and we didn’t cancel our residency visas.
Now I need to go back to Dubai on a work trip. I want to check if this might have any effect on me re-entering on a valid tourist visa. I’ve checked the ICP website, and it shows that my residence permit has been cancelled.
Sep 30, 2025
13
Can I file a complaint against my company for discrimination between employees? 0
I am working in the UAE and facing issues of workplace favoritism and possible discrimination.
Despite being a consistent top performer with many years of experience, I was rejected for a promotion that was instead given to someone with less experience and weaker performance.
When I asked for feedback, I was given contradictory and false reasons, including being told that HR rejected me based on “how I sat in the interview,” even though it was an audio-only call.
I was also told that promotions are not based on performance but on whether I had the “manager’s blessings.”
In addition, I have observed:
- Promotions are repeatedly going to people from the same community or close to managers.
- Most of the management team belongs to one community.
- Shift schedules are being changed after release to favor certain individuals.
This has created a toxic environment with no fair career growth opportunities.
My question is, under UAE labor law, do I have grounds to challenge this type of favoritism?
Sep 19, 2025
66
The company paid our salaries after we stopped work and filed a complaint in MOHRE. Do we still need to report to work? 0
What should we do if, after filing a complaint with MOHRE, the company has already paid all our salaries?
Do we still need to report to work?
Should we submit a resignation to avoid being tagged as absconded, or what would be the best solution?
Because, for us as employees, we don’t want to go back to work after what happened.
Sep 18, 2025
43

Premium
Other answers by
Can I reject the rent increase (41%) & short notice (81 days) served by my landlord in RAK? 0
Dear Legal Community,
I am seeking advice regarding a residential tenancy contract renewal in Ras Al Khaimah.
Situation:
Property: Residential unit in Ras Al Khaimah.
Current Annual Rent: AED 27,000.
Contract Expiry: December 21st, 2025.
Landlord's Proposal: Increase to AED 38,000 (approx. 41% increase).
Notification Date: October 1st, 2025 (81 days before expiry).
My Questions:
Notice Period Validity: Is a notice of 81 days for a rent increase legally valid in Ras Al Khaimah, given the common requirement of 90 days' prior notice?
Rent Increase Legality: Is a 41% rent increase permissible under RAK rental laws and the RAK Municipality Rental Index, or are there caps/guidelines?
Tenant's Rights: What are my rights in this situation? Can I insist on renewing at the current rent (AED 27,000) due to the invalid notice?
Dispute Resolution: What is the process for escalating this to the Ras Al Khaimah Rent?
Oct 1, 2025
26
I have a Labour case against the company and they cannot find them on the registered address. What to do? 0
I have a labor case against the company; it's a small company working from home. After MOHRE, I filed it in the court.
3 hearings are over already, and the other party has not shown up at any hearings and has not responded to any court notifications.
They are not coming to the registered address, so the court has not been able to serve them properly either.
The trade license is active, and the company is working, putting updates on LinkedIn and all that.
How many more hearings might the court give before giving judgment?
What can be done from my side?
Oct 1, 2025
17
Is a termination notice valid if the employee read it in the mail and replied to it? 0
Hello,
Q: Is the notice of termination considered delivered and acknowledged if the employee has read it in the mail and responded to the message by asking additional questions?
If the employee does not sign the notice, is it necessary to draw up a report stating their refusal to sign the notice?
Oct 1, 2025
19
Can my employer cancel my labour contract and revoke my labour card without my knowledge? 0
Can my employer cancel my labour contract and revoke my labour card without my knowledge?
Oct 1, 2025
17
What can I do if the company did not provide me with a visa after 10 months of working with them. 0
The company did not provide me with a visa after 10 months of working with them.
They always promise that it is in process.
Then they terminated me verbally.
Sep 30, 2025
24

Premium
Other answers by
Can I pursue both criminal and civil cases for a confirmed medical error and claim full compensation? 0
Hello,
I received a final report from the Higher Medical Authority stating that a medical error happened in my case and the responsibility lies with the doctor.
So I wanted to know a couple of things:
- Can I file both a criminal and a civil case (will it help or will it worsen my case)?
- Can I include the surgery charges and medical charges paid by my insurance company to the hospital in the calculation of compensation?
Sep 25, 2025
39
How can I correct a mistaken Commercial Registration (CR) number in the enforcement request? 0
Hello,
How can I correct the Commercial Registration (CR) number that was entered by mistake in the enforcement request?
Please guide me to the proper procedure or authority.
Sep 25, 2025
22
Can I renew my visa despite having a pending police case and a travel ban? 0
I currently have a pending police case and a travel ban. My visa is about to expire and is due for renewal.
I checked with the police, and the case is still under review because the complainant has not submitted the required medical report, despite being asked for it for almost a year.
Is there a chance that my visa renewal will be rejected? Also, can I request the dismissal of the case since the complainant has failed to provide the necessary report?
Sep 25, 2025
15
Can my employer block me from joining a competitor without a non-compete clause? 0
Hello,
I don't have a non-compete clause in my contract, and I am moving to a competitor. I have given 2 months’ notice, and my current employer asked me to take 3 weeks’ garden leave until the end of my notice period.
However, today I received a letter from my current employer stating that I cannot work for a competitor for a period of 1 year, and they are also telling me not to contact any suppliers, clients, or colleagues.
Is this correct and reasonable? I can't be idle for a year. What can I do?
Sep 23, 2025
38
Are non-compete and training repayment clauses valid under UAE labor law? 0
Hello,
My wife, who is on my dependent visa in the UAE, has received a job offer. She plans to remain on her dependent visa, and the hiring company has included additional terms in her employment contract.
These terms include:
- A two-year non-compete clause, preventing her from working in a competing business in the UAE after leaving the company.
- A requirement to repay AED 10,000 for training costs if she resigns within one year of starting the job.
- A clause stating that resigned or terminated employees will not receive any bonuses or incentives after leaving.
- A disclaimer that any clause violating the UAE Labour Law (Decree-Law No. 33 of 2021) will be considered invalid.
Are these conditions legally enforceable under UAE law?
Can I include a statement to ensure both parties are legally safe?
Oct 1, 2025
6
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