Filing a Labor Case in the UAE: A Step-by-Step Legal Guide

If you’re facing employment-related issues such as unpaid wages, contract violations, or unfair termination, the UAE legal system provides a clear and structured process for employees to assert their rights.

This guide outlines the legal procedure for filing a labor complaint and escalating it to the courts, in accordance with UAE labor law under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Human Resources and Emiratisation (MOHRE).

Step 1: Register Your Complaint with MOHRE (Within 1 Year)

The first step in resolving a labor dispute is to file a formal complaint with MOHRE.

Important: All labor complaints must be filed within one year from the date of the violation or dispute. Complaints filed after this period may be rejected by the ministry and the court.

Step 2: Mediation by MOHRE (Within 14 Days)

Once your complaint is lodged, MOHRE will attempt to mediate between you and your employer.

• A case officer will contact both parties to facilitate an amicable resolution.
• This process typically takes up to 14 days.
• If a resolution is reached, the matter is closed.

Step 3: Referral to the Labor Court

If mediation fails, MOHRE will issue an official referral letter authorizing you to take the matter to the Labor Court.

This referral letter is a legal requirement — without it, the court will not register your case.

Step 4: Submit the Case to the Labor Court

• Proceed to file your case at the relevant court. You’ll need the following documents:
• Employment contract
• Copy of Emirates ID
• MOHRE referral letter
• Supporting evidence, such as:
  • Salary slips
  • Bank statements
  • WhatsApp conversations
  • Email correspondences
  • Termination notices or warning letters

Filing should be done at the court covering the location of your workplace.

Step 5: Attend Hearings and Comply with Legal Procedures

After submitting your claim:

• The court will schedule hearings.
• You must attend all hearings or appoint a licensed lawyer to represent you.
• Present your evidence clearly and respond to the employer's rebuttals.
• If necessary, you may request translation services as hearings are conducted in Arabic.

If the judgment is in your favor and the employer fails to comply, you can apply for enforcement through the Execution Court.

Legal Notes for Employees in the UAE

• No Fees for Claims Below AED 100,000: Employees filing labor claims under AED 100,000 are exempt from court fees as per UAE law.
• Legal Representation: You can represent yourself or appoint a lawyer, but legal counsel is advisable for complex cases.
• Confidentiality: Labor cases are handled with strict confidentiality to protect both parties.

Final Thoughts

The UAE offers employees a fair and accessible legal pathway to resolve labor disputes. Whether it’s salary delays, breach of contract, or unlawful termination, knowing your rights and following the correct legal procedure is the first step to seeking justice.

Always keep copies of your employment documents and communications with your employer. These are critical if legal action becomes necessary.

If you need help navigating the process or drafting legal documents, it is highly recommended to consult us.

Written by:

Fatehi Ahmed Shared | Ahkam Legal Consultancy