Middle East Legal Resources - Legal Advice Middle East

Valuable consideration

Anything of value promised to another when making a contract. It can take the form of money, physical objects, services, promised actions, abstinence from a future action, and many other forms.

Is it legal to work 10 hours a day in the month of Ramadan?

Q: I am working in Ramadan 10 hours, 6 days a week. Is this legal?

Heads of agreement

A non-binding draft agreement that contains all of the main terms that have been agreed in principle (but not necessarily in detail), and which is not the final agreement.

Leaving a job without notice in case of salary delay

Q: My friend joined a company in Jabel Ali Freezone in December 2020. Now he is about to complete 5 months in the company and they have processed his visa too. But the problem is that in that company, the salaries are pending from the last 1 year and this guy is also not getting anything from the last 5 months. Now he attended an interview outside Freezone in Dubai and so is he able to get released from that company without any legal actions?

إنكار بائع المؤسسة للبيع بعد تحصيله الأموال وتقديم سند تنازل

س: إلى السادة المحامين المحترمين، الموضوع/ أنا مسثتمر تجاري كنت أرغب في شراء مؤسسة تجارية بمبلغ مليون درهم واجتمعت بمالك المؤسسة ووكيلها القانون. المؤسسة التي أرغب في شرائها عليها التزامات وديون وليس لي علاقة بذلك كوني مشتري والبائع ليس لديه مبلغ لسداد ديون على المؤسسة وكان يرغب في سداد الديون عبر أموال المشتري. وهنا قام البائع بعرض سند تنازل عن المؤسّسة مُوقَّع من وكيله القانوني ومختوم من مؤسسته، وهنا فعلاً دفعت مبلغ قيمة الشراء بحسن النية كي يسدد ديون المؤسسة ويُخلي ذمتها ويستطيع التنازل عن المؤسسة خالية من الالتزمات ولكن هذا لم يحصل. تأخَّر في التنازل رغم محاولة المشتري مرارًا وتكرارًا التواصل مع المالك ووكيله القانوني إلا أنه كان يتحايل ويماطل بأنه يحتاج إلى وقت وما شابه ذلك. بعد الإلحاح عليه لرد المبلغ المُستَلَم، قام بتحرير شيك ووقّع الوكيل القانوني عليه وعند الصرف لم يكن يقابله رصيد. فُتحَت دعوى أمر أداء وقام البائع بالاستئناف واحتجّ بأنه لا يعلم عن موضوع البيع شيء وأن الوكيل مستثمر وأن صاحب المؤسسة مجرد كفيل دون أن يُثبت ذلك وتم تعيين خبير كانت دراسته مجرد رأي بدون أدلة. ما الحل؟

اختلاس

وفقًا للمادة الـ17 من اتفاقية الأمم المتحدة لمكافحة الفساد، الاختلاس هو : قيام موظف عمومي عمـدًا، لصالحه هو أو لصالح شخص أو كيان آخر، باختلاس أو تبديد أي ممتلكات أو أموال أو أوراق مالية عمومية أو خصوصية أو أي أشياء أخرى ذات قيمة عهد بها إليه بحكم موقعه، أو تسريبها بشكل آخر.

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عزل شريك غادر ولا يمكن الوصول إليه

س: السلام عليكم، شريك في شركة بالسعودية بنسبة عشرة بالمائة غادر ولم يعد ولم يعين أحدًا ينوب عنه ولا يتواصل وهو المدير بالسجل التجاري. هل يمكن للشريك المتبقي أن يعزله ويخرجه من الشركة ويُحوِّل الشركة لاسمه ويحتفظ بمبلغه لحين ظهوره؟ علمًا بأن الحل لدى المحكمة قد يكون تصفية الشركة.

احتساب مدة 3 أشهر بعد التحويل لدعم ساند ضمن العقد

س: السلام عليكم، إذا كانت مدة العقد ١٢ شهرًا ميلاديًا وتوقف العقد لمدة ٣ أشهر بسبب تحويلي من الشركة إلى دعم ساند بطلب منها، فهل تُحسَب مدة الـ٣ أشهر ضمن العقد ويستمر أم أن للعامل الحق في تعويض هذه المدة بعد انتهاء العقد؟ وشكرًا لك!

Terminating a trouble making employee under article 120

Q: A troublemaking employee has been absent for 70 days last 1 year. He is engaged in selling articles such as phones, watches, etc which is a breach of contract. He is engaged in money lending business, while on an employment visa. Evidence was confiscated from that person, with witnesses. As an employer, after having given 2 documented warnings, a final warning, followed by a written investigation, then termination under article 120, will the employee be entitled to any benefits still?

How to claim back money invested in a joint property with ex-girlfriend

Q: Dear Sir or Madam, In 2016 I co-invested in an apartment in Dubai with a friend. I transferred 67% of the capital required to my friend and the purchase was completed with a mortgage. As we were unmarried, the apartment and title deed were registered in my girlfriend`s name. I moved into the property some months later but I was there infrequently due to international travel demands. Last year, our relationship broke down and I would like to know whether there is any way to protect my original investment. I can prove the transfers, and I do not believe my ex-girlfriend would contest my co-ownership, however, she believes she is entitled to a larger % now. I am simply interested in not losing my whole investment. Thanks for your help.

Pleadings

The documents submitted to the court by each party to a civil case giving notice of what they will argue at the trial.

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إمكانية إخراج موقوف في قضية تجارة مخدرات بكفالة

س: السلام عليكم ورحمه الله الله يعطيكم العافية أخي موقوف بتهمة تجارة المخدرات ولكنه أنكر ذلك في التحقيق ولم يعترف، وهو موقوف منذ 60 يوماً. هل يمكن إخراجه بكفالة؟

Can I prepare a mirror will between me and my sister if we are Muslims?

Q: Hello, I have been living with my sister and we have our own business and all accounts are joint account (either/or). As a Muslim, can I make a will to ensure that in case of any party death, all assets and cash go to the surviving sister? Thanks

Mitigation

Evidence introduced at a criminal trial, usually by a defendant, to reduce the seriousness of the alleged crime, or to support the otherwise good character of the defendant, so that the crime may be less harshly punished. Also, mitigating circumstances, are such as do not constitute a justification or excuse for the offence committed, but which, in fairness and mercy, may be considered as extenuating or reducing the degree of moral culpability.

The right to sue a sea cargo company for failing to deliver a package

Q: I have sent a parcel through a sea cargo service company from the UAE to India. My parcel has not been delivered yet. The booking date is 10-12-2020 and until now, 14-04-2021, the parcel is not delivered, almost 5 months. The cargo agency is not giving the date of delivery and saying that the parcel is in the Indian port (Mumbai). The same will be cleared from the Customs of India then delivered. Kindly advise how to solve the issue. Is it possible to make a complaint in the UAE?

The consequences of returning an item after receiving it

Q: Hello madam, A sales agent recently came into our house (around 8 pm) to do a demonstration of an expensive vacuum cleaner. After the demo, my wife and I decided to take 1 unit because they have offered an installment payment scheme for 12 months. The following day, we talked to the agent that we will not proceed with the purchase and he just said that we will go to jail because of the law and there is no way to return the item because the sales contract includes that a customer will not be able to return the item once it is received. As of now, we haven`t paid anything to them as they first require us to pay by cheque. but then he requires us to pay cash in the first month.

Self-help