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Gentleman’s agreement
An informal and legally non-binding agreement between two or more parties. It is typically made orally, though it may be written, or simply understood as part of an unspoken agreement by convention or through mutually beneficial etiquette. The essence of a gentleman’s agreement is that it relies upon the honour of the parties for its fulfilment, rather than in any way being enforceable. It is, therefore, distinct from a legal agreement or contract, which can be enforced if necessary. Legal dictionary
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Petition
The title of a formal legal document that initiates legal proceedings in a civil case, and which forms part of the pleadings in the case. Legal dictionary
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Exclusion clause
Is a clause in a contract stating that a party is not liable for what would otherwise be a breach, or that his liability for that particular breach is limited. A true exclusion clause recognises a potential breach of contract and then excludes liability for it. Alternatively, the liability for the breach may be limited to a certain amount, or the claim for any loss as a result of a particular breach must be commenced within a certain period of time. Legal dictionary
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Causation
The causal relationship between conduct and result, especially when proving legal responsibility. This is a key component in establishing liability in both criminal and civil law. Legal dictionary
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Unilateral contract
An agreement where one person promises to do something or to refrain from doing something if the other person does something, but the other person makes no promise to do or refrain from doing anything so that no enforceable obligation has been given by the other person. Legal dictionary
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حكم غيابي
قرار قضائي يصدر عن محكمة حال غياب المدعى عليه عن جلسات المرافعة. Legal dictionary
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Turnkey operation
An agreement under which a company takes all responsibility for the construction, furnishing and staffing of a building (eg a hospital or factory) so that it is completely ready for the buyer to take over. Legal dictionary
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Indictment
A formal written statement that a person has committed a particular criminal offence. Legal dictionary
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Hereto
Is a reference to this document or to this matter. Legal dictionary
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Bona fide
Made or carried out in good faith; without deception or fraud. Legal dictionary
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Road rage
Aggressive or angry behaviour by a driver of a car or other road vehicle towards the driver of another vehicle or someone involved in controlling road traffic or a pedestrian, including rude gestures, verbal insults, deliberately driving in an unsafe or threatening manner or making threats. It can lead to altercations, assaults and collisions that result in injuries and even death. Legal dictionary
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Mutually exclusive
Of or pertaining to a situation involving two or more events or possibilities in which the occurrence of one precludes the occurrence of the other. Both outcomes cannot be true at the same time. For example, the outcome of a single coin toss can result in either heads or tails, but not both. Legal dictionary
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جناية
وفقًا لقانون العقوبات المصري، هي جريمة يعاقب عليها القانون بالسجن المؤبد أو المشدد أو الإعدام، مثل القتل. Legal dictionary
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Vexatious litigant
A person who brings a legal action regardless of its merits, solely to harass or subdue an opponent. It may take the form of a single case or repetitive filing of cases. Filing vexatious litigation is considered to be an abuse of the judicial process and may result in sanctions against the offender. Legal dictionary
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Escrow account
An arrangement with a bank in which money is deposited with the bank by one party and paid to another party if the condition of the arrangement is met, or if the condition is not met, the money is returned to the person who originally deposited the money with the bank. Legal dictionary
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