السفر لقضاء إجازة في ظل الإغلاق بسبب كورونا وأخذ جواز السفر من صاحب العمل

The employer has no right to hold your passport, neither to prevent you from travelling nor to terminate your employment (resignation).

However, the consequences differ if your contract is a limited period or open contract and if you are a local hire

The problem is there is no court working, otherwise, you may file a lawsuit.

The other option you can go to the police and ask them to help you to obtain your passport or to your Embassy if your country is evacuating.