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Available entries: 407 entries
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Guardian
A person lawfully invested with the power, and charged with the duty, of taking care of a person and/or managing the property rights of another person. Guardians are typically used in three situations; for an incapacitated senior (due to old age or infirmity), for a minor and for developmentally disabled adults. Legal dictionary
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Fatwa
An official statement or order issued by a Muslin religious leader or cleric, usually regarded as being legally binding or creating a legal duty. Legal dictionary
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Asylum
Commonly used to describe the protection given to someone who has left their own country as a political refugee. Legal dictionary
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Inalienable
Unable to be taken away or remove. Legal dictionary
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Entrapment
The practice whereby a law enforcement officer induces a person to commit a criminal offence that the person would otherwise have been unlikely to commit. It is a defence to criminal charges when it is established that the law enforcement officer originated the idea of the crime and induced the accused to engage in it. If the crime was promoted by a private person who has no connection with government law enforcement agencies, it is not entrapment. Legal dictionary
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Insolvency
The state or condition of being unable to pay money owed, by a person or a company, on time. Those in a state of insolvency are referred to as insolvent. Legal dictionary
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Debenture
A medium to long term debt instrument used by large companies to borrow money, at a fixed rate of interest. It originally referred to a document that either creates a debt or acknowledges it, but in some countries the term is now used interchangeably with bond, loan stock or note. A debenture is like a certificate of loan evidencing the fact that the company is liable to pay a specified amount with interest, and although the money raised by the debentures becomes part of the company’s capital structure, it does not become share capital. Legal dictionary
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Patent
A set of exclusive rights granted by a sovereign state to an inventor for a limited period of time (usually twenty years) in exchange for detailed public disclosure of an invention. Usually patents constitute four different classes: machine (a device or apparatus for the performance of a specific task); process; manufacture (any fabricated or manufactured product); or the composition of matter (a chemical mixture or compound). Legal dictionary
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Break clause
A section or paragraph of a contract, usually between a landlord and a tenant, that allows a party to end the contract early. Legal dictionary
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Clawback
Is a special contractual clause typically used in employment contracts, whereby any money or other benefits given out can be returned due to circumstances specified in the contract. Legal dictionary
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Promissory
Containing or consisting of a promise by someone to do or not to do something. An exchange of promises can in law be held to be legally enforceable. Legal dictionary
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Lien
A legal claim against another person’s property which is held until a debt owed by that person is paid. They can be consensual (created by agreement) or non-consensual (created by statute or by operation of the law). Legal dictionary
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قانون مدني
القواعد والقوانين المنظمة العلاقات بين الأفراد في التعاقدات والاتفاقات والأمور الخاصة بالحياة المدنية؛ وهو فرع من فروع القانون الخاص الذي يضم القانون المدني، القانون التجاري، وقانون العمل. Legal dictionary
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De minimis
Latin for not enough to be considered. Legal dictionary
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Liquidated damages
Damages that are ascertained at the outset of a contractual arrangement between parties to compensate an injured party for a specific breach of the contract by the other party. Damages can be liquidated in a contract only if the injury is uncertain or difficult to quantify, the amount is reasonable and considers the actual or anticipated harm caused by the breach and the damages are structured to function as damages and not as a penalty. If these criteria are not met, a liquidated damages clause will be void. Legal dictionary
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