Is a recognisable sign, design or expression which identifies products or services of a particular source from those of others, although trademarks used to identify services are usually called service marks. The trademark owner can be an individual, business organisation or any legal entity. A trademark can be located on a package, a label, a voucher, or the product itself. Words that merely name the maker (but without particular lettering) or a generic name for the product are not trademarks. While a trademark may exist from its first use, it is wise to register it in order to prove its use and ownership and afford protection against use by others.

Is broadly the act of making a false statement and can take various forms. It could be an intentional disregard of false or possibly false information; falsely entering into a contract; or causing loss based on false data leading to a contract.