The legal or biological relationship between a child and his or her biological father. Paternity law deals with the rights and obligations of both the biological or natural father and the child to each other as well as to others. A child’s paternity may be relevant to issues of legitimacy, inheritance and rights to a putative father’s title or surname, as well as the biological father’s rights to access and obligations for child support.

The term that describes a duty that is enforced by a court and where non-fulfilment may incur a penalty.

The Islamic legal system derived from the religious precepts of Islam, particularly the Koran and the Hadith. It is an Arabic language term meaning a body of moral and religious law derived from religious prophecy.