Legal dictionary
Available entries: 385 entries
Entries: 385
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Takeover
An offer made by tender setting out a proposal by one company to purchase the shares of another company, in order to acquire control of it. Takeovers can be ‘friendly’ or ‘hostile’. A ‘friendly’ takeover is an acquisition that is approved by the management. Before a bidder makes an offer for another company, it usually first informs the company’s board of directors. If the board of directors considers that accepting the offer best serves the shareholders, it recommends that the offer be accepted. A ‘hostile’ takeover allows the bidder to take over a company whose management is unwilling to agree. The takeover becomes hostile the moment the board of directors rejects the offer but the bidder continues to pursue it. Legal dictionary
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Talaq
An Islamic divorce which involves the husband either pronouncing the words ‘I divorce you’ on three separate occasions, so that the parties can effectively reconcile the marriage twice before the third pronouncement, or where a husband pronounces the same words three times in one sitting to make the divorce final without any opportunity to effect a recociliation. The latter method is sometimes called the triple talaq and is the method most commonly used. Once the talaq has been pronounced three times the husband and wife cannot be married again until the wife has married and divorced another husband. Legal dictionary
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Testamentary capacity
Describes a person’s legal and mental capacity to make or alter a valid Will. Legal dictionary
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Theft
The taking of another person’s property without that person’s permission or consent, with the intent to deprive the rightful owner of it permanently. Legal dictionary
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Time barred
Relates to a claim or a lawsuit that cannot be pursued because it has been filed/issued too late according either to the statute of limitations or some other procedural rule. Legal dictionary
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Tort
French for wrong, a civil wrong or a wrongful act, whether intentional or accidental, from which injury occurs to another. Although crimes may be torts, the cause of legal action is not necessarily a crime, as the harm may be due to negligence which does not amount to criminal negligence. The victim of the harm can recover damages by bringing court proceedings. Torts include defamation, product liability and copyright infringement. Legal dictionary
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Trademark
Is a recognisable sign, design or expression which identifies products or services of a particular source from those of others, although trademarks used to identify services are usually called service marks. The trademark owner can be an individual, business organisation or any legal entity. A trademark can be located on a package, a label, a voucher, or the product itself. Words that merely name the maker (but without particular lettering) or a generic name for the product are not trademarks. While a trademark may exist from its first use, it is wise to register it in order to prove its use and ownership and afford protection against use by others. Legal dictionary
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Transcript
A document in which the text of a speech or a spoken discussion is transformed into a written form, such as a court reporter’s notes that have be recorded or taken down during the course of a trial. Legal dictionary
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Travel ban
An order issued by the authorities to all the state ports to prohibit a person from entering or leaving a country according to a court or police order for the protection of individual interests in cases like child custody, debt failure, or criminal investigation. Travel ban prohibits the banned person from leaving the country and gets him/her arrested while entering if the reason(s) for prohibition did not cease to exist. Legal dictionary
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Treason
The betrayal of allegiance towards a person’s own country, especially by committing hostile acts against it or aiding its enemies in committing such acts. Legal dictionary
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Trespass
Is made up of three separate groups; trespass to land, trespass to the person and trespass to chattels. Trespass to land is generally the tort most commonly associated with the term. It takes the form of wrongful interference with another’s possessory rights in real property. Trespass to the person can be an assault (any act of such a nature as to excite the apprehension of battery); battery (any intentional and unpermitted contact with a person) and false imprisonment (the unlawful obstruction or deprivation of freedom of movement). Trespass to chattels is an intentional interference with the possession of personal property. Legal dictionary
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Tribunal
Any person or institution with authority to judge, adjudicate on, or determine claims or disputes, whether or not it is called a tribunal in its title. Legal dictionary
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Trust
A relationship created at the direction of an individual, in which one or more persons hold the individual’s property subject to certain duties to use and protect it for the benefit of others. Individuals may control the distribution of their property during their lifetime or after their death through the use of a trust. A trust may be created for the financial benefit of the person creating the trust, a surviving spouse or minor children, or for charitable purposes. Trust arrangements that are intended to evade creditors or lawful responsibilities will be declared void by the courts. Legal dictionary
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Turnkey operation
An agreement under which a company takes all responsibility for the construction, furnishing and staffing of a building (eg a hospital or factory) so that it is completely ready for the buyer to take over. Legal dictionary
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Unconscionable
A doctrine in contract law that describes terms that are so extremely unjust, or overwhelmingly one-sided in favour of the party that has the superior bargaining position, that they are contrary to good conscience. Such terms would usually make the contract unenforceable because no reasonable or informed person would otherwise agree to them. Legal dictionary
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