Is broadly the act of making a false statement and can take various forms. It could be an intentional disregard of false or possibly false information; falsely entering into a contract; or causing loss based on false data leading to a contract.

A violation of a statute, regulation or ordinance, which may be criminal or merely not in conformity; that which lacks authority of or support from the law.

A decision of a court regarding the rights and liabilities of the parties to legal proceedings. Judgments generally provide the court’s explanation as to why it has chosen to make a particular decision.