A violation of a statute, regulation or ordinance, which may be criminal or merely not in conformity; that which lacks authority of or support from the law.

Is a document that governs the relationship between the company and the outside. It is basically a statement that the subscribers wish to form a company, have agreed to become members, and in the case of a company which is to have a share capital, to take at least one share each.

The term that describes a duty that is enforced by a court and where non-fulfilment may incur a penalty.