Acting against an illegal deduction of salary by the employer

An employer portrays the employee to be at fault for a financial loss, stating it is his liability and responsibility, when neither in the contract nor in any written communication this is stated, and when the fault has been with a different department and with the management.

Can the employee respond and defend their remuneration from being deducted?

Is this considered as grounds for the employee to file a case on the employer misconduct?

What might be the approximate timeline for such a case to be resolved?

(The employee has written documents that help make their case)